The existing level of development of environmental infrastructure (wastewater treatment, waste disposal, etc.) is insufficient to provide for development and the needs of preserving the sea, water, land and air. Remediation and reclamation of priority locations with pollution problems should enable their safe arrangement. Analysis carried out within CAMP project resulted, among others, with a pollution model which was used to identify polluted sites and determine spatial extent and intensity of impacts.
Based on these data and wider documentation developed under the so far implemented programmes and projects (e.g. Horizon 2020 and Union for the Mediterranean initiative for depolluting the Mediterranean, the World Bank analyses for remediation of Bijela Shipyard), the mid-term Coastal Zone Pollution Remediation Programme for priority locations should be prepared, and remediation activities initiated.
Activities:
1. In the framework of implementing the Protocol for the Prevention of Pollution from Land-Based Sources of the Barcelona Convention, the National Action Plan for Reduction of Pollution from Land- Based Sources should be updated in accordance with the Protocols requirements; this should among others include:
−− Definition of impacts of diffuse pollution sources (e.g. from transport, agriculture sector);
−− Prioritisation of needs for remediation of pollution on hot-spot locations, using (previously mentioned) inventories and assessments prepared so far.
Thus updated National Action Plan should serve as an input for the development of the Coastal Zone Pollution Remediation Programme for priority locations.
2. Develop the Coastal Zone Pollution Remediation Programme for priority locations so that for each selected location:
−− Assessment of the existing state is provided;
−− Pollution remediation measures are defined (future land uses, concrete technical solutions and spatial arrangements, treatment of hazardous waste);
−− Costs and (possible) funding sources are evaluated;
−− Remediation dynamics is defined; and
−− Detailed analysis of environmental carrying capacities (primarily for marine ecosystem) for the area of the Boka Kotorska Bay is conducted.
3. Based on this programme, successive pollution remediation on priority locations should be initiated (implementing remediation at certain locations in parallel with the Programme implementation), including:
a. Remediation of water and sediment pollution in the marine waters zone and land area of Bijela Shipyard and replacement of outdated technologies in performing its technological operations;
b. Remediation of pollution in the Boka Kotorska Bay;
c. Remediation of pollution in the Port Milena channel;
d. Elimination of further anthropogenic impacts and pollution remediation on priority locations with peloid deposits (e.g. mouth of the river Sutorina) to preserve potential of resources significant for health tourism;
e. Construction of wastewater treatment plant of lower capacity for smaller settlements (Perast, Risan, etc.);
f. Remediation of priority sites for the disposal of communal waste that are no longer in use: closed sanitary landfills on locations Lovanja and Ćafe in Bar;
g. Replacement of outdated technology in performing port operations in the ports of Bar and Kotor with environmentally acceptable technological solutions (cleaner/ best available technologies, etc.);
4. Prepare and adopt an act on cross-border management of the river Bojana, aiming for, among other things, comprehensive pollution remediation and prevention (including flood protection measures).
The agreement and activities should draw on recommendations of the river Bojana Cross-border Management Plan.